There’s a difference between debate and marketing.
Yesterday, the Electronic Frontier Foundation unveiled an online PR blitz called Copyright Week. The campaign’s launchpad is a webpage that asks visitors to consider and support “six principles,” one per day, over six days which happen to lead up to Silicon Valley’s very own independence day, January 18th, 2012, a.k.a. “SOPA Blackout Day.” The roll-out of this campaign also coincides with today’s new round of hearings in the House Judiciary Committee in the ongoing process to review and potentially revise copyright in the United States. Specifically, today’s hearing was focused on the scope of copyright, and while the EFF is determined that this debate should happen in the emotional realm of PR and marketing, even a brief viewing of the testimony on Capitol Hill should demonstrate that copyright reform is considerably more complex than the blunt, faux populist scaremongering we see in the EFF campaign.
For example, Carl Malamud, founder of Public.Resource.Org offered testimony that, on the surface sounds like something we can all support. The text of written law must be accessible in a free and open society and, therefore, sites like his, which provide easy access to this information should not ever run afoul of copyright protections. Makes sense to me. The law shouldn’t be copyrighted; it belongs to all of us. But in questioning Malamud, Representative Collins of Georgia asserted that the law is publicly available, but that certain annotations, for instance, remain intellectual property. Eyes rolling the back of your head yet? I can’t blame you because unless you’re an IP attorney or just like to follow copyright issues like some people follow sports stats, you’re probably going to tune out about here and find any number of more fun diversions. And that’s cool, but this is what the real debate will probably look like; it’s complex and nuanced and in some cases, kinda dull.
By contrast, the EFF would prefer to manipulate you with a portrayal of an epic battle for the soul of the American dream itself. They would have you believe that copyright is, in our time, a golem destined to destroy the future of all technological advancement and the sacred right to self expression. Never mind the fact that most copyright holders are the manifestation of self-expression, the Copyright Week campaign would rather distract you with a barrage of references to the international trade negotiation known as the TPP and scary words like secret. And maybe there are hazards in the TPP of which we should be aware, but I’ll bet it isn’t the copyright provisions. And I say this because the EFF will overreach when its spokespeople say things like “copyright has no business in a trade agreement.” Why? If one of our most valuable products is intellectual property, why doesn’t the subject even belong at the negotiating table? Surely, when copyright industries can boast a trillion dollars in GDP, the issue must have a few more shades of gray than that.
The Electronic Frontier Foundation boasts the motto “Protecting your rights in the digital age,” but you might notice that this does not necessarily include protecting your rights from the digital age. When Google or Facebook revise their Terms of Use policies to encroach ever further on your privacy or claim the right to use your kid’s birthday pictures in a paid ad, the EFF is silent. They are silent on the subject of cyber-mobs, which are an acute and clear infringement on their victims’ right to free expression and have even resulted in physical attacks. They are silent on Google’s monetizing just about any form of human depravity from sex-slave trafficking to illegal narcotics to abusive and deadly depictions of atrocities on YouTube. And for all its efforts to leverage our distrust of the American government to mask the agenda of Silicon Valley, the EFF is silent about the deepening influence of these government contractors who are the tech companies they serve.
So, by all means, if you care about the future of copyright from any perspective, I encourage you to follow the nuts and bolts of review in the coming year (if you can possibly stay awake through it all). But failing that, at least don’t freak out because an organization like the EFF says you should. After all, it isn’t the Hollywood studios who can scan your emails, manipulate the flow of information on the Web, or might one day help develop an autonomous weapon. Pour a glass of wine, take a breath, and ask yourself a very simple question: If you had to guess who has the greatest capacity to adversely affect your civil rights today, would it be the copyright holders or the data collectors? Cheers.
When Google or Facebook revise their Terms of Use policies to encroach ever further on your privacy or claim the right to use your kid’s birthday pictures in a paid ad, the EFF is silent.
Patently untrue. The EFF complains about this stuff constantly. Also, have you ever met anyone associated with this organization? They are not exactly cheerleaders for adsense capitalism.
If you had to guess who has the greatest capacity to adversely affect your civil rights today, would it be the copyright holders or the data collectors?
It would be the government, via initiatives that copyright holders and privacy skeptics like yourself would doubtless support.
I’ll concede one point to your response L. It would be more fair to say the EFF is comparatively silent on those issues relative to the amount of outright screaming it does on the horrors of copyright.
EFF’s work focuses on lobbying and impact litigation, so obviously it will do most of its “screaming” about topics where freedom and privacy intersect with the law.
In practice, this usually means (1) search/seizure/surveillance and (2) SOPA-style IP regimes. These are strictures and policies imposed by governments from which users cannot “opt out.”
When they are not busy urging government crackdowns on internet users, rightsholders have taken steps to prevent piracy which, like Google’s data collection, function on an unambiguously lawful “opt-in”/”opt-out” basis: if you don’t want to be subject to our DRM, don’t buy our product. So, for example, we see video game companies packaging software with intrusive malware that never leaves a user’s computer, or rigging products so they won’t function without an authenticated, “always-on” internet connection. Consumer groups and, certainly, internet pirates have griped endlessly about this, but EFF is comparatively silent because these are contract-law issues that rarely provoke policy or court battles.
I understand that the EFF will focus on policy-related issues, but even in that area, it tends to be rather biased and overly hyper for a so-called public advocate that rarely addresses the complexities of copyright or seems to think there’s any value left in the system. Of course, if you honestly believe copyright stifles free speech, then their message isn’t going to sound very exaggerated to you, but after listening to this argument for a couple of years, the free-expression complaints sound either very thin or like the purely theoretical whimsy of ivory tower academia.
There are probably individuals at EFF who would argue that copyright is either worthless or, even if it once played a valuable role in discourse and the economy, is now futile/anachronistic — but I don’t think that’s the organization’s position. Nor do they take the position that all copyright protections necessarily infringe upon free speech. However, they are unwilling to tolerate any incursions on legitimate free speech for the sake of copyright protection, even in situations where others might see a reasonable cost-benefit tradeoff. But since there are plenty of monied interests that will protect copyright at all costs, I won’t begrudge the existence of an organization that protects speech at all costs.
It depends on what one terms free speech. Much of the EFF’s bitching isn’t about speech, it is about being able to republish the speech of others, and for capitalist enterprises to profit from that action.
Well, that’s the thing isn’t it? If we expand speech to include what we now call copyright infringement, then protecting copyright is infringing speech.
Neither EFF nor analogous groups argue that copyright infringement should just be recharacterized as protected speech, and to suggest that this is their position is either ignorant or disingenuous. Their side’s basic stance is that it’s better to tolerate a bit of infringement, or find other ways to address infringement, than to enact draconian penalties and due process limitations which have chilling effects on non-infringing speech. In connection with the TPP, they’re also “bitching” about provisions that would curtail or disregard the defense of fair use.
John Parry Barlow at last year’s CES: “The Pirate Bay is speech.” It seems he’s now something of a figurehead with regard to organization he co-founded, but let’s not pretend that their agenda doesn’t include stretching the concept of speech to include theft. For what it’s worth, I have yet to meet a pro-copyright professional who doesn’t place speech above all else, and who wouldn’t agree that it’s better to tolerate a “bit of infringement” rather than chill speech, but that begs the question as to precisely how mirroring existing US copyright law in a trade agreement, which is a normal thing to do, would chill speech, particularly for Americans. No trade agreement has yet changed existing, domestic IP law. What I believe the EFF doesn’t like most about the TPP is that it reaffirms established law that they are working rather hard to amend or, in some cases, abolish. And at the very least, it has to be said, Google & Co. sure as hell don’t want to see our copyright laws mirrored in other countries. This is in the subtext of EFF communications — words like “further entrench DMCA.” That’s a loaded statement, especially when DMCA is a joke for individual creators trying to protect their rights online, and it isn’t abused nearly to the extent that the EFF and analogous groups would have some believe. If that’s the kind of speech chilling they cared about, they’d take on more serious cases than Lenz v UMG.
But there isn’t a bit of copyright violation, it is rampant. Where ever I look there is bulk copying of images. And I don’t have to look far to find films, music, books, and software similarly being made available to download. Alongside such violations are nearly always capitalist corporations (mostly Google) scraping money from advert placements and paying the enabling sites by paying them too.
As for the EFF when one is grunting in tune with the boar, and chowing down on the boar’s leftovers, one can hardly complain about being mistaken for one of the piglets.
Well, technically, the Pirate Bay is speech, and only a portion of its content constitutes infringement. I’m not saying the digital rights crowd is totally devoid of hippies and anarchists who want to eliminate IP entirely, but that’s a fringe constituency. Their mainline positions target chilling effects and unintended consequences…which brings us back to the TPP.
Even if it were true (and it’s not) that the leaked provisions do no more than export U.S. copyright law abroad, this would indeed chill speech. Rightsholders may regard the DMCA as a joke, but no one disputes that DMCA takedown notices can be, and have been, abused to silence non-infringing speech. Lenz is a bit silly, but the specter of abuse becomes less silly (at least to me) when entities like the Church of Scientology abuse the DMCA to muzzle their critics.
Plus, I believe that the TPP contains DRM noncircumvention provisions even stiffer than what we have in the U.S. At the risk of sounding like I’m echoing Google or EFF talking points, constraints on decoding which create civil or criminal offenses even in the absence of actual copyright infringement can legitimately inhibit innovation and research. (Speaking of DMCA abuse cases more serious than Lenz — here is an example).
Again, this all comes down to tradeoffs and priorities. To paraphrase Blackstone, your opponents’ view is that it’s better to let 100 guilty kids download The Avengers than let one innocent member of the public be victimized by unintended consequences of antipiracy laws.
This will have to be my last response for a bit. I have a long day tomorrow for which I have to prepare. Suffice to say I don’t think Barlow is too far on the fringe given his role on the CES panel to which I refer, and because he echoes a message that is certainly getting through. Beyond that, we have different definitions of speech, including the case you cite in which researchers wanted to release the results of their cracking a code used to protect property. At the very least, that’s a dispute, and calling it speech is like saying it was free speech when hackers released the phone numbers of Snapchat users last month.
I certainly agree that it is better to let 100 kids download movies than to victimize anyone unfairly, but we must be careful to define what victimization really means. There are no laws that cannot and have not at one time or another been abused, but we will not abolish these laws in order to make sure we avoid abuse. Moreover, civil disputes between certain litigants, especially B2B, rarely involves anything we might call abuse. When a gaming company recently misused DMCA to squelch a bad review of a new game, that was abuse and censorship, and the gaming company wisely retracted in about 24 hours. But cases like this are not the norm and are certainly dwarfed compared to the scale of large-scale piracy.
Getting back to the original point, though, my fundamental criticism of the EFF is that they claim public advocacy but behave very much like a PR company. Advocacy would involve offering facts, clear analysis, and context without incendiary language. With the TPP for instance, they could choose to describe the reason (for better or worse) negotiations bypass Congress, what EFF member experiences have been at the stakeholder events (which they’ve attended), and what they do and don’t know about the agreement. Then, let the reader make up his mind. There is simply no excuse for language like “shrouded in secrecy,” which is purple prose worthy of the lamest movie trailer and does not help the reader really consider the issues. Their choice to consistently identify a boogie man and to foster unreasonable fear leads me to believe they have a long-term agenda, which is not the same thing as providing a public service.
For reference, I offer this article from the Washington Post. It hardly celebrates the TPP, but it does lay out the facts and even some concerns as the author understands them. The EFF sounds considerably different because they are in the business of motivating people to take action. That’s okay, but not when that action is a knee-jerk reaction.
If there are genuine abuses then the abusers should be sanctioned. No one disputes that. However, the content on cyberlocker sites, and bittorrent traffic is 95% infringing. These sites don’t have a handful of copyright violations and the rest photos of granny and the kids. What the EFF and others argue is that if in 20,000,000 DMCA takedowns a handful are wrong then that somehow equates to abuse of the system. That some how the copyright holder must be 100% correct in every instance, but that an infringing site is legit if 5% of is content is not a violation.
BTW TPB is not speech, only in the context of War is Peace.
My definition of “speech” is the definition used in First Amendment jurisprudence, just fyi. The RIAA dropped its case against the Princeton professor because they knew they’d lose before the Supreme Court. If you view squelching academic research as a legitimate use of the DMCA, perhaps the DMCA should be thrown out as unconstitutional. (Certainly this is the outcome the USDOJ feared when it weighed in in the professor’s favor).
I’d agree with L. on this one. The EFF are one of the few “digital rights” groups who do comment on Google and Facebook on privacy issues. Less then they should and I’m more cynical then L on that. Google’s funding of the EFF (which, to be fair, they’re transparent about) is a conflict of interest.
Largely though, the issue with the campaign isn’t that it’s marketing. (It isn’t really, although you could make a strong case for it being propaganda). It’s that it reflects the coarsening of public debate, particularly on this issue.
L. demonstrates that. Be honest L., “privacy sceptic” are snarl words, they’re not actually meant to increase the quality of the debate. However David, your ‘side’ of the debate aren’t exactly averse to that particular tactic either- “freehadist”, “freetard” and articles like this.
Motes and beams.
If you genuinely want to improve the quality of the debate on this issue (and you obviously do, judging by your comment policy), two things are needed. Firstly, some of the more sensible voices need pushing forward more. I’ve cited Lanier and Levine as two writers I’m highly impressed by before and I’m sure I will do again. But, as well as that, people need to start edging away from some of their liabilities, personal loyalty not withstanding.
That’s simple tactical sense. At the risk of being self-congratulatory, I’d suggest that it’s fencesitters like myself who you need to be winning over. The hardliners (from either side of the issue) aren’t going to shift their position. It’s the neutrals and the undecideds who matter. The readers of sites who post both stories like this and this.
You aren’t going to do so by shouting at people and far too many people from both sides of the debate have that as their primary tactic. This is still primarily a battle for hearts and minds, not a legal one.
Be honest L., “privacy sceptic” are snarl words, they’re not actually meant to increase the quality of the debate.
I admit that I type them with a grimace, if not a snarl, because I consider privacy to be a basic component of human dignity on par with bodily autonomy and free expression. However, I don’t think I’m unfairly ascribing that position to David, as he’s stated verbatim on this blog that he is “skeptical of the privacy agenda.” When I described him as a privacy skeptic, I wasn’t attempting to be inflammatory. Just descriptive.
Has Google funded EFF apart from the Buzz settlement?
I absolutely believe in privacy but think people are often looking at the more unlikely invaders while missing the more obvious ones. Also, I assume, L, that your email keeps changing to hide your identity, which is fine, but it means I have to keep approving your comments. Sorry if one goes unapproved for a period of time.
Sorry — I’ve commented from two different devices. I’ll try to use a consistent email from now on.
Castigating people for posting photos on Facebook while they complain simultaneously about the NSA can be fun, but to me it carries a bit of the same icky resonance as: “you slept around with lots of guys voluntarily, so why complain about the one who raped you?”
People should be able to choose what information they share with others and when. The biggest invaders of privacy rights are the entities that violate this principle. People are certainly more alarmed about the systematic, deliberate constitutional violations committed in secret by the executive branch than by the policies disclosed and agreed to in gmail’s TOS, and I don’t blame them.
In an ideal world, we’d have some sort of statute standardizing how companies disclose and revise their privacy policies — similar to how we require uniform disclosure of nutrition facts for food and side effects for drugs. I actually think EFF would support that, though Google certainly wouldn’t.
No worries about the email thing, but I disagree with your simile in this case. For one thing, I don’t castigate others; I have photos on Facebook myself, but I have put them there aware that I’m potentially risking my privacy. I’m also not running into the woods just yet because it’s popular to think the NSA has “raped” our constitutional rights. That may prove to be true but has not yet proven to be true. Moreover, if intelligence gathering agencies want data on someone, where do we think they’re going to turn first; and do we think legit criminals and terrorists are not using the Internet? Regardless, I’d rather not get into a debate about the degree to which the US is now a police state on this particular thread. On the matter of copyright, I don’t believe it’s reasonable to argue “copyright is bad because Ed Snowden,” and the EFF is kinda sorta blurring those lines right now.
It’s popular (and accurate) to note that the NSA has violated FISA and the U.S. Constitution because the NSA has admitted this in FISA court proceedings. I’m not insinuating that their offense is of the same nature or gravity as rape, but rather arguing that your consent to the use of your photos by specific entities for stipulated, lawful purposes cannot justify their use by other entities for secret, unlawful purposes. Your consent is cabined by specific parameters that should be respected, especially by government officials vested with public trust.
Nobody ITT is hyperbolizing about a police state or suggesting you ought to run into the woods. EFF engages in advocacy re: both copyright and surveillance, and I wasn’t aware they had blurred those lines irresponsibly — but maybe you’ve seen statements from them that I haven’t.
As always, Sam, a thoughtful response. No question, I’m partly making a case for a more nuanced public debate, but I also admit to cynically believing that public debate is rarely nuanced. It’s pretty tough to get attention by quietly unravelling the details, although I do thank people like you for maintaining a pretty calm conversation over here. You’ll notice that I don’t tend to use words like “freehadist,” and I don’t consider EFF’s funding to be proof that it is exclusively an industry shill. Others will probably come along and question the six principles EFF has laid out; and I could do that too. For instance, if you’re an advocacy group that wants Americans to seriously get involved in the copyright debate, offer something on Day 1 of the campaign other than “The TPP is scary and secret.” That’s hardly a thoughtful approach to the process, but is certainly a good way to get names on what is effectively a petition.
Ultimately, what I’m saying is if you want to pay attention to the details, then by all means do so. But if you don’t, don’t just swallow the broad message that copyright kills innovation and speech because it doesn’t make a lot of sense.
@ L
There’s a really big difference between being skeptical of the “privacy agenda” and being skeptical of the right to privacy. I’m incredibly skeptical of the “privacy agenda” as advanced by Google. I’m also in favour of abolishing the domestic security services entirely, which is a way more radical position then most people in that debate.
Google has funded the EFF apart from the Buzz settlement and is doing so currently. The PC Mag article on this is very good and all the stronger for coming from a publication broadly supportive of the EFF.
Now, it’s entirely feasible that the EFF would have taken a pro Google line in the outlined cases anyway. But the very appearance of a conflict of interest is damaging to their integrity. I accept they need to get funding from somewhere. I don’t accept that should be from a company whose corporate interests are so closely linked to the EFF’s campaigning priorities.
@ David
You’re definitely one of the more nuanced commentators around. My criticism would more be that I think you’re a lot harsher on those you disagree with then you are when those you’re closer to do the same thing. That’s human nature though. And I’m somewhat hypocritical, because I like Steve Albini who has no mode other than full on grumpy snarker.
On the EFF, the closest analogy for me when it comes to their relationship with Google is the increasingly symbiotic relationship between PR firms and the press. It’s not that journalists deliberately write stories in the corporate interest, but when time and resources are short, it’s extremely tempting to just rewrite a press release without any further digging. That is the real danger with the Google/EFF lash-up. Especially as it’s very difficult for people outside the relevant industries to spot PR influence in many cases- Hacks refer to PR as the “dark arts” for a reason.
On the media, we also have our share of the blame in the coarsening of the debate. If I’m entirely honest, wearing my journalistic hat, I probably wouldn’t come to you if I wanted a soundbite to round off an article. Nuance doesn’t always make for great copy. And when a deadline is looming, we don’t necessarily want anything that requires further elaboration.
Sam,
Thanks for the PC Mag article — that was informative and interesting, and I agree the mere appearance of a potential conflict is unfortunate.
However:
There’s a really big difference between being skeptical of the “privacy agenda” and being skeptical of the right to privacy. I’m incredibly skeptical of the “privacy agenda” as advanced by Google.
Notice you need to add scarequotes and an “as advanced by Google” in order to prevent the sentence: I’m incredibly skeptical of the privacy agenda from sounding ominous and bizarre. If you think it’s unfair to characterize David as skeptical of privacy generally then I’ll defer, as it’s been awhile since I’ve read him.
Not quite. In this case I’m using scarequotes and “as advanced by Google” to qualify that I don’t actually think that’s their agenda, as shown by their data collection policy.
So, without any scarequotes or references to Google, “I’m incredibly skeptical of the privacy agenda” is something you’d say? And if I described you as a privacy skeptic in response, these would be debate-coarsening snarl words?
Honestly, I don’t want to argue over minutia I’ll let David’s writing on these issues speak for itself.